Unit 6: The biosphere
1.- Who´s eating who?.
2.- The loss of biodiversity.
1.- Who´s eating who?
- There are two
phenomenas which happens in the ecosystems: food chain and food web.
1.1 Food chain
- A food chain is
made up of the following levels: producers, consumers and decomposers.
·
Producers.- They make their own food through the photosynthesis.
Examples: algae and plants.
·
Consumers.- They eat other living things. They can be: primary
consumers, secondary consumers and tertiary consumers.
-
Primary consumers.- They eat producers. They are herbivores and
omnivores. Examples: insects.
-
Secundary consumers.- They eat primary consumers. They are carnivores and
omnivores. Example: foxes.
-
Tertiary consumers.-They eat secondary consumers. They are carnivores and
omnivores. Examples: snakes.
·
Decomposers: They live on the remains of other living things. Most
of them are fungi and bacteria.
1.2 Food web
- Most living
things are part of more than one food chain.
- There are more than
one food chain in the same ecosystem and they interact each other.
2.- The loss of biodiversity
-
Biodiversity loss: causes and effects.
-
Protecting biodiversity.
- There is a loss
of biodiversity when every single member of a specie disappear. It is called extinction.
2.1.- Biodiversity loss: causes and effects.
·
Causes.- The most important one is the behavior of human
beings through pollution, hunting and capturing animals.
·
Effects.- The climate change and the alteration of habitats.
2.2.- Protecting biodiversity
- There are
endangered species.
- Endangered
species are those which are in danger of extinction.
- There are
wildlife protection groups who protect endangered animals.
- There are places
to protect them such as National Parks ( Monfrague o Doñana) and biosphere
reserves.
- Examples of
endangered animals are: Iberian Lyns and Iberian imperial eagle.
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