Unit 5: “ REPRODUCTION”
1.- Male and female reproductive systems.
2.- The reproductive process
3.- Puberty
4.- Sexual health
1.- Male and female
reproductive system
Like other mammals, humans reproduce sexually. The male and
female reproductive systems must work together to produce a baby.
1.1
Male reproductive system
-
The function
of the male reproductive system is to produce sperm cells.
-
The main
organs of the male reproductive system are:
a)The
external organs include your penis, scrotum and testicles.( two testicles)
b)Internal organs include vas deferens, prostate and urethra.
The testicles
have two main fuctions:
1.- Thet store sperm cells.
2.- The testicles make hormones.
1.2
Female reproductive system
-
The organs of the female reproductive
system are: vagina, ovaries, vulva, fallopian tubes and uterus.
-
The main reproductive organs are the ovaries.
-
Two tubes, called fallopian
tubes, connect the ovaries to the uterus.
-
The uterus is a
muscular organ that holds a growing baby.
Activities
1.- What is the fuction of
the male reproductive system?
2.- Which are the main organs
of the male reproductive system?
3.- Which are the functions of
the testicles?
4.- Which are the main organs
of the female reproductive system?
5.- Which is the function of
the fallopian tubes?
6.- Which is the function of
the uterus?
2. The reproduction process: Fertilization, Pregnancy, and Birth
2.1
Fertilization
- Sperm enter
the woman’s body through the vagina.
- The sperm go up through the uterus and into the
fallopian tubes. - If an egg is in one of the fallopian tubes, the sperm try to
join with it. Only one sperm can enter, or fertilize, the egg. The rest of the
sperm die.
2.1
Pregnancy
- Once the egg is fertilized, pregnancy begins.
- The fertilized egg moves into the uterus.
- It starts to divide into many more cells.
-At first the developing baby is called [H1] an embryo. After
about eight weeks the baby is called a fetus.
- In the uterus the baby grows inside a pouch called the
amniotic sac. The liquid protects
the baby and lets it move around.
- The placenta is a structure that lines part
of the uterus to feed the baby.
2.3. Birth
- After about nine months of development the baby is
ready to leave the woman’s body.
- When the
baby is born the umbilical cord and the placenta also leave the mother’s
body.
Activities
1.- How is the fertilization
produced?
2.- How is the developing baby
called at first?
3.- How is the developing baby
called after eight weeks?
4.- How is the pouch called where
the baby grows?
5.- What is the fuction of the
placenta?
6.- What happens when the baby is
born?
3.- Puberty
3.1.-What's Puberty?
- Puberty is the name for the time when your body
begins to develop and change as you move from kid to adult.
- Everybody
goes through these changes.
3.2.-When
Does Puberty Start?
- Puberty
starts between ages 8 and 13 in girls and ages 9 and 15 in boys. This wide
range in ages may help explain why some of your friends still look like young
kids while others look more like adults.
3.3.-What changes
does Puberty bring in the body?
- When your
body is ready to begin puberty your brain, releases special hormones.
- Depending on whether you're a boy or a girl,
these hormones go to work on different parts of the body.
- For boys, the
hormones travel through the blood to begin making testosterone .
Testosterone is the hormone that causes most of the changes in a boy's body
during puberty.
- In
girls, the hormones cause the ovaries to start making another hormone,
called estrogen. - These hormones prepare a girl's body to start
her periods and be
able to become pregnant someday.
- Boys and
girls both begin to grow hair under their arms and their pubic areas (on and
around the genitals).
-Boys also
start to grow hair on their faces. In addition, boys'
voices become deeper.
- Girls'
bodies usually become curvier. Their hips get wider and their breasts develop.
3.4.-Emotional
changes during Puberty
Just as
those hormones change the way your body looks on the outside, they also create
changes on the inside. During puberty, you might feel confused or have strong
emotions that you've never had before. You might feel overly sensitive or
become upset easily.
Some kids
lose their tempers more
often and get angry with their friends or families. You also may feel anxious
about how your changing body looks.
Activities
1.- Definition of puberty.
2.- When does the puberty start?
3.- What changes does a boy have in
the body during the puberty period?
4.- What changes does a girl have
in the body during the puberty period?
5.- List emotional changes in
puberty.
4.-
Sexual Health
Sexually
transmitted infections (STIs) are usually spread by having unprotected sexual
contact with someone who's infected. STIs are also called sexually transmitted
diseases (STDs).
You can help
prevent STIs being monogamous.
The most
common sexual deseases are:
1.- Chlamydia.
2.-Gonorrhoea. ...
3.- Syphilis. ...
4.- Hepatitis C. ...
5.- Hepatitis B. ...
6.- Hepatitis A. ...
7.- Genital herpes. ...
8.-Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Activities
1.- What is a STI or STDS?
2.- List two common sexual
diseases.
