NS 5; UNIT 5 ECOSYSTEMS

 

UNIT 5: ECOSYSTEMS

       5.1. Elements of ecosystems.

       5.2. The Earth´s terrestrial ecosystems.

       5.3. Aquatic and artificial ecosystems.

 

5.1. Elements of ecosystems.

- An ecosystem include living and non-living thing.

- They interact each other in a specific area. 

Ø Living thing 

-        They are plants ( flora), animals ( fauna) and other organisms ( fungi and microorganisms).

-        POPULATION is made up of organisms in the same área which belong to the same specie.

-        COMUNITIES are formed by populations. These populations interact in the same environment.

Ø Physical environment.( non-living things)

- Physical enviroment is made up of non- living things such as soil, air, wáter, sunlight and so on.

5.2. The Earth´s terrestrial ecosystems.

- They are tundra, grasslands, tropical rainforest, forest and desert.

 

Ø Tundra features:

-          It is cold and very dry.

-        It is in the North Pole.

-        Flora: lichens, mosses and grasses.

-        Fauna: reindeers, artic foxes and polar bears.

         

Ø Grasslands features:

-        They are flat.

-        There are two types: Savannah ( tropical áreas) and Temperature grasslands ( Pampa).

-        Fauna: elephants, giraffes, zebras, lions….                       

Ø Tropical rainforest  features:

-        The weather is warm and wet.

-        Flora: trees.

-        Fauna: snakes, parrots….

                   

Ø Forest features:

-        There are three types:

·      Coniferous forest

-        Flora: evergreen trees such as pines.

-        Fauna: deers, foxes.

 

·       Temperatures dedicious forest

 

-        Flora: dedicious trees such as oak ( roble)

-        Fauna: squirrels

·       Mediterranean forest

-        Areas from the Mediterranean sea.

-        Flora: Rosemary ( romero)

-        Fauna: eagles, foxes.

Ø Desert features

-        They are very dry and hot.

-        The temperaturas are very high ( day) and very low ( night).

-        Flora: cacti, small bushes.

-        Fauna: snakes, camels.

                      

5.3. Aquatic and artificial ecosystems.

 

Ø Aquatic ecosystems. They are:

 

·       Marine ( coral reefs, shoreline, open ocean)

 

·       Freshwater ( flowing water and standing water)

Ø Artifitial ecosystems

 

-        They are man-made.

 

·       Terrestrial ( farmlands, gardens, parks, zoos.)

·       Aquatic ( aquariums, fish farms)

·       Urbans

 

-        We can see them in the cities.

-        Flora: grass, trees, bushes.

-        Fauna: cats, dogs, mosquitos, rats