Unit 1: “ Energy
and robotics”
1.- How to obtain
energy
2.- Electric energy
3.- Machines and Robots
1.- How to obtain energy:
1.1
Different types of energy.
2.2
Sources of energy.
1.1 Different types of
energy.
There are many but the most important ones
are:
Kinetic energy.- We use it for movement.
Chemical energy.-We have it in food.
Sound energy.- We have it in anything that makes sounds.
Thermal energy.-It produces heat. Example: The Sun produces a lot of termal energy.
Electrical energy.-It is used every day with light bulbs.
Light energy.-It is produced by traffic lights and by The Sun.
ACTIVITIES
1.-Which are the six most important types
of energy?
2.- Match
Kinetic sound
Electrical every
day
Sound movement
3.- Draw
an example of the different types of energy.
1.2 Sources of energy.
There are two types: non- renewable energy
and renewable energy.
Non-renewable energy.-They come from the ground and the seabed. We cannot replace them.
Examples: natural gas, coal and crude oil.
Renewable energy.-They are The Sun, air and water. They don´t run out. They don´t cause
pollution. Examples: solar energy with solar panels, wind farms and
hydroelectric power stations.
ACTIVITIES
1.- Which are the two
types the sources of energy?
2.- Where the non-renewable energy comes
from?
a) The ground b)
The Sun
3.- Write 3 examples of renewable and non-renewable energy.
4.- True or
False
- The Sun is for
renewable energy.
- Air is non- renewable
energy
-Renewable energy is better for the environment
5.- Complete the sentences
- …………
energy sources will never run out.
- ……………..energy
sources run out.
6.- Draw renewables
and non renewables energy.
1.- Match the form of
energy with the examples
a) Lamps, street lights……………………………………
b) A food broken……………………………………..
c) A cooker, the Sun……………………………….
a) We can …………….
energy from the sunlight and wind.
b) Solar energy does…………….pollute.
3.- Draw the visual summary of the unit
2.- Electric energy
2.1 What do you mean by electric energy?
Electrical
energy is the power an atom's charged particles have to cause an action or move
an object. The movement of electrons from one atom to another is what results
in electrical energy. There are two types
of electricity: static and current.
-
Static electricity.- It doesn't
move from one place to another and stays in the place it was created.
-
Current electricity.-It is when an electrical charge is given a path
to move through.
Activities
1.- Definition of electrical energy.
................................................................
2.- How is electrical energy produced?
............................................................
3.- List the two types of electricity.
.............................................................................
2.2 What is an electrical circuit?
Electric circuit is a path for transmitting electric current. An electric circuit includes a device that gives energy to the charged particles constituting the current, such as a battery or a generator and devices that use current, such as lamps, electric motors, or computers.
2.3.- What are the four basic components of an
electric circuit ?
Every electric circuit, has four basic parts:
· A conductive path
· A source
· A load
·
A controller (switch).
Activities
1.- What is an electrical circuit?
.......................................................................................................
2.- List two devices that give energy
...................................................................................
3.- Write two devices that work with electrical energy.
............................................................................
4.- Name the four basic components of an electric circuit.
..................................................................................................
2.4.-What are the 5 basic electrical symbols?
There are five commonly used symbols in Electrical – Switch, Wire, Contactor, Motor, Transformer. These symbols can be used in any electrical drawings. Switches are used for ON/OFF any control circuit.
2.5.-Type of
circuits
There are two basic types of
electric circuits: series and parallel.
- Series circuit.- There is only one
path for the current, and a break in the circuit stops the current.
- Parallel circuit.- There
are multiple pathways or branches.
Activities
1.- Write the 5 basic electrical symbols.
.................................................................
2.- List the two types of electric circuits.
..............................................................
3.- Draw an electric circuit.
3.- Machines,
technology and robots
3.1.-Machines
There
are two types of machines: simple machines and complex
machines.Avanced
machines such as cars are made up of simple and complex machines.
- Simple machines.- Some examples are: Wheel and axle, screw, pulley and level and fulcrum.
- Complex machines.- Complex machines are made up of two or more simple machines. Some examples are: gears, engine or motor,
Activities
1.- Definition of simple
machine.
............................................................................................................................................
2.- Definition of
complex machine.
.....................................................................................................................................
3.-List examples
of simple machines.
.............................................................................................................................................
4.- List examples
of complex machines.
................................................................................
3.2.-Tecnology
Technology influences in our lives. It helps us at work, at home and in our free time. There are a lot of inventions which make us our live easier such as phones and machines at home,
Technology is in everywhere: industry, education, transport, free time and health.
Activities
1.- List the places
where the technology has changed our lives.
.............................................................................................................
2.- Name invetions that
make us our live easier.
..............................................................................................
3.- List 5 fields where
we use technology.
...................................................................................................................
3.3.-Robots
3.3.1.-What is robotics ?
Robotics is a branch of engineering
and computer science that involves the conception, design, manufacture and
operation of robots. The objective of the
robotics field is to create intelligent machines that can assist humans in a
variety of ways. Robotics can take on a number of forms.
332.- What is a robot?
A robot is an autonomous machine
capable of sensing its environment, carrying out computations to make
decisions, and performing actions in the real world.
3.3.3.- Common types of robots
- Articulated Robots. The robotic arm
- - Humanoids.
...
- - Robots
in medicine
- - Robots at home such as cooking
robots and vacuum cleaner.
Activities
1.-
What is the objective of the robotic field?
..............................................................................................................................................
2.- What can a robot do ?
...............................................................................................................
3.- List the common types of robots
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