NS4. UNIT2: HEALTHY LIVING

 

UNIT 2: HEALTHY LIVING

2.1      The five senses

 

-       The five senses are: sight, touch, hearing, smell and taste.

 

·      SIGHT

-         Light enters the eye and forms an upside-down image on the  retina. The

optic nerve then sends this image to the brain.

 

·      TOUCH

 

-Sensory nerves in the skin send information to the brain about how  something feels.

·      HEARING

-         Sound waves enter your  ears and the liquid in the cochlea

 

 moves and sends signals to the brain.

 

·      SMELL

 

-         Air enters your nose through the nose and the olfatory  nerves transmit the information to the brain.

·      TASTE

-         Your tongue contains many taste buds to detect different tastes .

 

 

2.2.-The nervious system

 

-         The nervious system controls everything you do. It receives information from the sense organs.

-         It is made up of the brain, the spinal cord and the nerves.

-         The brain is made up of the cerebellum, the brain stem and the cerebrum.

 

2.3.-The locomotor system

 

-         The locomotor system is made up of the skeleton, joints and muscles.

-         The skeleton is made up of the skull, the torso and the limbs.

-         The bones and joints are connected by ligaments.

-         The skeleton has two functions: to support the body and to protect internal organs.

-         Tendons connect muscles and bones.

-         Muscles contract and relax.

 

2.4.-Proper posture

 

-         Proper posture helps our locomotor system.

-         Do not cross your legs or feet when you sit down.

-         Your school bag must not weigh more than three kilogram.

2.5 Healthy eating

 

-         You have to eat a balanced diet.

-         There are 5 groups:

 

1.-Vitamines and minerals ( Fruit and vegetables). They are full of vitamins, minerals, antioxidants and fibre.

 2.-Carbohydrates ( bread, pasta, cereals and potatoes). They contain proteins and carbohydrates

3.-Fats ( olive oil, sedes, avocados and nuts). They contain healthy fats and oils.

4.- Proteins ( meat, fish, eggs and pulses). They contain proteins and iron

5.- Diary products ( milk, yogurt, cheese). They contein proteins and calcium.

 

 

-         If you eat unhealthy food you do not eat a balanced diet.

 

 

2.6.-Healthy habits

 

-         You can have a healthy lifestyle with healthy habits such as:

 

                                               1.- Going for a walk.

                                               2.- Talking to Friends.

                                               3.- Playing outside.

                                               4.- Eating vegetables.

                                               5.- Organizing your time.

 

Activities unit 1

 

ACTIVITIES

1.- Draw the digestive system and label the main parts.

 2.-Correct the sentences:

 

-       All humans perform the three life functions: nutrition, respiration and reproduction.

-       The digestive system extracts nutrients from the air you breathe.

-       The trachea joins the mouth to the stomach.

-       Nutrients are separated from the waste in the large instentine.

 

3.- Put the process of the urinary system in order.

a) The bladder releases urine through the urethra.

b)The urine goes down the ureters to the bladder.

c) The kidneys separate water and minerals from the blood to produce urine.

d) When the bladder is full, your body tells you to go to the toilet.

 

4.- Complete the sentences

When you do………………..or it is very hot, your body produces……………. This is a mixture …………..and minerals. It is produced in………………..and released through ………………in the skin.

 

5.- Complete the sentences and put them in order.

a) The air enters the lungs through two tubes called……………………

b) In the alveoli, blood exchanges carbon dioxide for……………….

c) Air enters the body through your…………………or………………….

d) The air travels through the lungs and ends in small sacs called…………………..

e) From the mouth and nose, the air goes down the………………………….

f) You expel ……………..when you breathe out.

 

6.- Circle the correct words to complete the sentences.

 

The circulatory system transports nutrients/ waste and carbon dioxide/ oxygen to every cell in your body.

The circulatory system consists of the lungs/ heart, blood and kidneys/ blood vessels. Arteries I veins take blood from the heart to the body.

Chambers/ Capillaries are very small blood vessels that connect the arteries and the veins.

 

The bladder/ heart pumps blood round the body through the blood vessels.

 

7.- Draw and label the main part of the male and female reproductive system.