NS5: UNIT 6: THE BIOSPHERE

 

UNIT 6: THE BIOSPHERE

       5.1. Who´s eating who?

       5.2. The loss of biodiversity.

    

5.1. Who´s eating who?.

- Every organism need food to live.

- As a result, we can find food chain and food web in an ecosystem.

 

Ø Food chain

-        A  food chain is made up of the following levels: producers, consumers and decomposers.

 

a)  Producers.- They make their own food through the photosynthesis. Examples: algae and plants.

 

b)  Consumers.- They eat other living things. They can be: primary consumers, secundary consumers and tertiary consumers.

 

-        Primary consumers.- They are herbivores and omnivores. They eat producers. Example: cow.

 

-        Secundary consumers.- They are carnivores and omnivores. They eat primary consumers. Example: fox.

-        Tertiary consumers.- They are carnivores and omnivores. They eat secundary consumers. Example: snakes.

 

c)   Decomposers.- They live on the remains of other living things. Most of them are fungi and bacteria.

 

Ø Food web

- Most living things are part of more than one food chain.

- There are more than one food chain in the same ecosystem interacting each other.

 

5.2. The loss of biodiversity.

- There is a loss of biodiversity when every single member of a specie desappear. It is called extinction.

 

Ø Biodiversity loss: causes and effects

 

-        CAUSES:

-There are many causes which produce extinction but the most important one is  the behavior of the human beings. Some examples are: pollution and hunting animals.

 

-        EFFECTS:             

-The most important effects are: climate change and the alteration of hábitats.

 

Ø Protecting biodiversity

 

-        There are endangered species which are in danger of extinction.

-        There are wildlife protection groups who protect endagered animals. Some examples are: Iberian Lyns and Iberian imperial Eagle.

-        There are places where they are protected such as: National Parks and Biosphere reserves.

 

 

NS3: UNIT 6 INVERTEBRATES

 

UNIT 6: INVERTEBRATES

     6.1. Invertebrates groups

     6.2. Insects

6.1. Invertebrates groups

 

-        We can classify invertebrates in groups.

-        The most important ones are: Arthopods and Mollucs, but there are more groups.

 

Ø ARTHOPODS.- They are THE BIGGEST group. There are four subgroups:

 

·       INSECTS. Example: fly( mosca)

·       MYRIAPODS.-Example: centipede ( ciempiés)

·       ARACHNIDS.-Example: spider ( araña)

·       CRUSTACEANS.-Example: crab ( cangrejo)

 

Ø MOLLUSCS.-These are second biggest group. There are Three subgroups:

 

·       GASTROPODS. Example: snail( caracol)

·       BIVALVES.-Example: mussels ( mejillones)

·       CEPHALOPODS.-Example: squid ( calamar )

 

v Activities

1.- Write the most important groups of invertebrates.

The most important groups are: Arthropods and Molluscs.

2.- Which are the four subgroups of Arthropods?.

·       INSECTS.

·       MYRIAPODS.

·       ARACHNIDS.

·       CRUSTACEANS

3.-Which are the three subgroups of  Molluscs?.

·       GASTROPODS.

·       BIVALVES.

·       CEPHALOPODS

 

4.- Choose true or false.

- Antis a Molluscs……FALSE…………

- Spider is an Arachnid……TRUE…….

- Snail is a Gastropods………TRUE……………..

 

6.2. Insects

 

- There are one million of species.

- They have three  main sections: head, thorax and abdomen.

- Some examples are: mantis, ant, grasshoper.

 

Ø THE LIFE CYCLE OF INSECTS WITH WINGS

 

-        There are insects such as butterfly which change though  the metamorphosis.

-        There are four steps:

o  1st step.-An adult butterfly lays eggs.

o  2nd step.-Caterpillars. ( Gusano de seda)

o  3rd step.-Chysalis( capullo)

o  4th step.-Adult butterfly.

 

v Activities

1.- Write the three parts  of an insect.

They have three  main sections: head, thorax and abdomen.

 

    2.- List some examples of insects.

Some examples are: mantis, ant, grasshoper.

 

3.- Write the four steps of a butterfly metamorphosis

 

o  1st step.-An adult butterfly lays eggs.

o  2nd step.-Caterpillars. ( Gusano de seda)

o  3rd step.-Chysalis( capullo)

o  4th step.-Adult butterfly.